As the academic year draws to a close, students of class 12th are getting busy with ensuring that their revision for the examination has started, and they have been able to identify their strong and weak areas. The next few months will be spent in trying to iron out the identified gray areas and focusing more on revision and problem solving. Chemistry is one subject that has always seemed like an Achilles Heel for many students. The reason is simple- the syllabus is very vast and requires a lot of learning of various structures, chemical names, name reactions, important constituents of the reaction, the importance of pressure and temperature, other topics of inorganic, organic and physical chemistry. What also makes the students anxious is that immediately after their board examination, they must begin attempting the competitive entrance examinations such as JEE mains and NEET. For both these important entrance examinations, Chemistry is a vital subject that can make or break their score. One chapter that the students find difficult in Chemistry is the topic of stomach structures. In reality, no study of chemistry can be considered complete without the understanding of the periodic table and atomic structures and properties of elements. Let us discuss this chapter and highlight the important topics for the NEET examination.
The chapter of Atomic Structure comes in the class 11th Chemistry book of NCERT. One needs to understand why the study of atomic structures is so important. We are surrounded by such a wide diversity of living and non-living things, where each is displaying a certain characteristic behavior or property. The rich multiplicity of chemical properties of various elements can be understood due to the differences in the internal structure of atoms of the constituent elements of the matter. At the end of the chapter, the important topics covered in this chapter are as follows,
- Awareness of the concept of atom from ancient times, discovery of the constituents of atoms, electron, proton and neutron
- Understanding of how the electrons, protons and neutrons are held in the atom, along with their characteristics and properties.
- Appreciate the work of scientists towards the evolution of the various atomic models, and then describe the Thomson, Rutherford and Neils Bohr Atomic model in details.
- Appreciate and comprehend the important facets of the quantum mechanical model of the atom, as this is be the foundation for explaining how the electrons behave.
- Develop a solid knowledge about the electromagnetic radiations, its nature and properties, and build up the knowledge level to appreciate the Planck’s quantum theory
- Describe the Nobel Prize winning work of Albert Einstein on the photoelectric effect, and be able to explain the characteristics of an atomic spectrum.
- Learn about the de Broglie relations and the Heisenberg uncertainty principle related to the wave or particle nature of electromagnetic spectrum.
- Ability to explain the atomic orbital concepts in view of quantum numbers.
- Develop an understanding and appreciative knowledge of Aufbau principle Paulie’s Exclusion principle and the Hund’s rule for maximum multiplicity.
- The most important of them all, the learning of the chapter concludes with the ability of the student to write the electronic configuration of various elements.
Now, in order to study for the NEET examination, one must first understand that the NEET examination is a multiple-choice examination, which means, that most of the questions that are asked are objective type questions wherein the student is expected to mark the correct answer. If one traces the syllabus for the NEET examination, then it is evident that it draws its syllabus from the CBSE class 11th and 12th examination. This is where NCERT books because very beneficial because the NCERT books follow the exact syllabus prescribed by the CBSE, and it is always updated as per the demands of the CBSE. Therefore, it is a no brainer than in order to cover any topic or subject for the NEET examination, one must never discount the role of the NCERT books. Thus, for a student to study the chapter of atomic structures, they should simply pick up or download the chemistry books of NCERT. The book is loaded with many problems and multiple-choice questions and every serious student must make it a habit to solve them. The important topics to be covered by the students in this chapter, with reference to the NEET examination could be listed as follows,
- The concept of quantum number, nodes and the nodal planes
- Aufbau’s principles, Paulie’s exclusion prinicples and the Hund’s Rule
- Rydberg equation, Heisenberg uncertainty principle, de Broglie’s concepts
- Atomic spectrum and electromagnetic radiation
- Photoelectric effects and its applications
Related interesting question, solve this: Ionisation energy of He^+ is 19.6 xx 10^-18 J “atom”^(-1). The energy of the first stationary state (n = 1) of Li^(2+) is?
The NEET examination is bound to ask numerical based questions from this chapter, therefore the laws, principles and rules of this chapter become a vital topic to cover. One must also ensure that they solve as many problems are possible from the previous NEET question papers.
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